Feeding Orphan Puppies From 2 Weeks to 4 Weeks (transitional stage)

At 2.5 weeks you can feed the puppies every 4 hours with  6 hours between feeds at night. Ensure that when you make your puppy formula use it within 24 hours and keep it refrigerated. Be very hygienic with the puppy bottles etc. Puppy milk is still to be served at 98 degrees Fahrenheit. Burp the pup during and after the feed by patting the pups back gently over your shoulder. 

 

Don't feed a puppy on their back. A one week old puppy needs 13ml of milk per 100g of body weight. A 2 week needs 17ml per 100g of body weight. A 3 week needs 20ml  per 100g of  body weight. At 4 weeks needs 22ml per 100g of body weight. The puppies will need to be stimulated to pee and poop until they are 21 days old. You do this by gently massaging the puppies belly and genital area with warm moist cotton wool. Before and after feed. At 3 weeks pup should be able to eliminate on its own.

 

When the Pups are 3 weeks you can start to introduce puppy mush. You will continue bottle feeding the puppies also. Give them some puppy mush 3 times a day. Buy high quality premium puppy nuts. Soak the nuts in some water or milk replacer. One part nuts to 2 parts liquid is best. In your blender blend up the puppy nuts and add some puppy milk replacer. Make sure that the puppy mush is not too thick should be like watery porridge. Use a flat pan to serve the puppy mush  to the pups. Pups will make a mess and get more of the food on themselves than in their mouths at first but they figure it out fairly quickly. I'd serve it warm also. Also  provide a shallow water bowl. The pups should lap it up but don't overfeed.

 

The pups will still need to have their temperature regulated at this stage. You can use a heat lamp, heat pads or hot water bottles. Remember the pups cannot regulate their temperature yet. During the second week 85 degree Fahrenheit, during third week 80 degrees Fahrenheit. At week 5 the pups can be kept at room temperature 70 degrees Fahrenheit. If the pups are lying beside each other they are at a happy temperature  but if they are lying on top of each other and crying they are cold. Weigh the pups once a day. Loss of weight is a sign that there is a health problem.

Brushing Your Puppies Teeth

Puppy will have a longer happier healthier life if you brush pups teeth. Puppies have baby teeth. They do not get their adult teeth until they are 6 months and over.
Dogs like humans need proper dental care. Food gets stuck in their teeth like us resulting in a plaque build up. Plaque results in painful gingivitis. The gingivitis can then lead to tooth loss. Brush the puppies teeth once a day or at least once a week. Start brushing the puppies teeth at 8 weeks. During the socialisation stage. Even though these are baby teeth its best to start at this age, so that the puppy will have no problem with you brushing their adult teeth. Use dog toothpaste not human toothpaste. Human toothpaste can make your puppy sick. Introduce the toothpaste to the puppy by letting him/her lick it of your finger. Then rub it on his/her gums/teeth. When your puppy is happy with this start using the puppy tooth brush. After brushing give puppy a reward like a special treat and lots of praise. You can also give your puppy dental sticks for puppies. Its great for their doggy breath also. You should get your dogs teeth professionally cleaned by your vet once a year. Feeding your puppy dry food is better for his teeth than wet food ie dry kibble. Healthy snacks like apples are good for your pups teeth. Buy your pup some dental toys.

Puppy Socialisation

Puppy socialisation is basically the training of your puppy to accept new people, noises, animals and places. The most important period for successful socialisation is the first four months. The experiences puppy has during these months will have a major influence on its developing personality and how well it gets along with people and other animals when its older. Socialisation promotes mental and emotional development.

With weeks 7 to 12 very critical in these months. From weeks 8 to 12 puppies go through their fear imprinting stage. Before this they were curious of things now they are fearful. During this stage you must introduce the puppy to different people animals and stimuli(sounds odours places). Ensure these introductions are positive experiences. The frequent positive social experiences when young will halt fear biting and antisocial traits. Any negative experiences during this stage will have a lasting negative effect and will be difficult to counteract. The most common reason for unprovoked dog aggression is lack of proper socialisation. If a puppy is not socialised after 14 weeks, more than likely it will be a problem dog and will have to be trained to unlearn its fears and anti social tendencies which will be frustrating and difficult for the owner. Socialisation will reduce the fear of the unfamiliar . A dog that was not socialised enough as pup can often be made into a good pet but it will be hard work. As the adage goes a stitch in time saves nine.
If puppy growls at a person or thing do not pick up and pet him/her. This will only intensify the bad behaviour. Cuddling will not get rid of the fear it will just make it stronger. The puppy will think that if it has fear it should growl. The growling could lead to biting and chasing. You must correct the puppy let it know that the growling at every new thing is not acceptable.
When you are socialising your puppy you must be calm, consistent and stern. Dogs can read human emotions so if you are feeling fearful anxious scared nervous etc the pup will pick up on it and will feel these emotions. Be confident when introducing new dogs, people etc. You are the pack leader and should be strong don't let the pup override you. A puppy has a playful growl and a defencive know the difference. Its best to introduce the puppy to new things when you can control the experience. Work at the pups pace when introducing a new person. Let the pup approach the new person,to sniff around and discover that there is nothing to be fearful off. If the new person is too full on and gets too close too soon it could cause a setback and induce fear and aggressiveness in the pup towards the new person. Encourage the new people to give treats. Walks are a great way for the pup to become accustomed to new people. Reward good behaviour with a treats praise etc. Do not socialise your dog with people who are not confident with animals this could undo your hard work. Make sure your pup is not isolated from the family give pup alot of company. Ensure that your pup does not spend time with aggressive people or dogs. Dogs like attention and will do annoying things to get it. If you have a problem with a dog jumping on you or the table pushing him off will not solve this. You must stop him before he starts and reward good behaviour. When pup attempts to first jump on you say sit and reward. Reinforcing good behaviour is vital.

The  pup must learn how to interact with other dogs. Let the pup interact with vaccinated pups and adult dogs. The pup can learn skills of the older dogs. Learn dog language and body language. The pup should learn what other messages the other dogs are giving of and what messages to send of. Interrupt and separate your pup if their is any undesired behaviour with the other dog/pup. Make sure to always reward the good behaviour.

You want your pup to have a good relationship with children. Children can be rough with puppies you should always supervise them. Get the children to pet the puppies gently. When you are walking the pup on a leash do not hold onto the lead too tightly as it will make the pup anxious. Pup will read  tension. You should not use your pups name in an angry tone. When you are socialising your pup ensure that he is protected against disease. Interactions should be with vaccinated dogs. Do not  go to dog parks until pup is vaccinated. Especially orphan pups that are more prone to sickness before they are fully vaccinated. Make sure you introduce your pup to all the household objects dishwasher washing machine etc. Also outside the home cars, people with bikes prams etc. Introduce your puppy to everything that he will encounter when he is older. Introduce pup to car travel.  Puppy socialisation classes are a great idea. The sad thing is that many dogs that are put down for aggression could have been perfect if they had been socialised as pups. Ensure your pup meets all types of people fat, short, tall, beards, hats, old and young.